Film Critique Argo Essay Example For Students

Film Critique Argo Essay After â€Å"Gone Baby Gone† and â€Å"The Town,† it is to nothing unexpected that the film â€Å"Argo† is a bewildering spine chiller. Ben Affleck reproduces the recorded catastrophe, a currently declassified activity, offering credit to the individuals who gambled everything. The film is a work of enchantment as it integrates cleverness, tension, and natural show. During an Iranian prisoner emergency, CIA authorities must come up with a plan to discharge Americans from the unfriendly condition that is Tehran. Argo will keep you speculating on which last chance choices will be made straightaway. To start the film, more than fifty Americans in a U. S. International safe haven are barraged by fighting Iranian progressives in 1979. Amidst all the tumult, six of them figure out how to get away from the repulsiveness, taking haven in the close by home of the Canadian represetative. As the days pass, the CIA is liable for bringing home each one of those in harm's way, and time is running hazardously low. This film reproduces the procedure that genuine figure Tony Mendez (Ben Affleck) and the six escapees experience to bring home their kindred Americans. After various fruitless thoughts, Mendez produces a hazardous thought of making a phony film. This is the best impractical notion we have† says Jack O’Donnell (Bryan Cranston) to the CIA executive. They will legitimize their essence in Iran by saying they are exploring film areas. With the assistance of two Hollywood figures, Lester and John, they devise a content for their phony film, Argo. The film is built inside days after the ‘go ahead’. Mendez battles to convince the six escapees to deliberately get themselves through a hazardous strategic, they must choose between limited options. They are destined to be found by the Iranians and can't remain in the ministers home any longer. In t he wake of concurring, they are doled out new personalities. They assume the jobs of Canadian movie producers, retaining totally new lives for themselves. Startled at this point decided, the seven Americans chance everything. Their lives exist in the choices of Tony Mendez. You can see the dread in their eyes, feel the thumps of their souls, and hear the quiver in their voices. The six escapees transformed themselves into their characters. Not exclusively were they outwardly indistinguishable from the individual they were playing, yet sincerely too. No ifs, ands or buts, we can comprehend the musings and emotions going through every one of the characters minds. We felt the agony in their difficulties and the delight in their triumphs. I don't accept there is a gathering of people that could all the more likely fit the part than the six threw. It’s Lester Siegel (Alan Arkin) and John Chambers (John Goodman) that help the state of mind of this genuine storyline. They help the film by including humor with their run of the mill Hollywood inner selves. Frequently getting everyone's attention with his comedic character, Arkin’s snide uncertainty about â€Å" the Brady Bunch out of the most watched city in the world† causes all of us to acknowledge how insane this thought truly is. Be that as it may, the two work together to upgrade their clever effect on the nerve-wracking subject. Tony Mendez’s character might be thought of as exhausting or dull, yet Affleck offers life to a genuine man. As pioneer of this strategic, is his obligation to keep himself and every other person quiet in unpleasant circumstances. Affleck has a profound comprehension of the storyline and the genuine figures that are separated of this activity. He acts precisely how I would envision Tony Mendez acted during this occasion in 1979. As the star, however the executive also, Affleck makes the film nothing not exactly great. I respect that he didn't slander the Iranian revolutionists. This film was not tied in with deprecating their nation, however commending our own. He acquires believability with his great good and proper decisions of substance. There is no mistake from any edge of his film or his character. It is simple for movie executives to take genuine situations and adjust them to be all the more invigorating or engaging for business purposes. In any case, that isn't what Ben Affleck did in Argo. It was pointless to incorporate superfluous scenes or discourse in light of the fact that the genuine story was sensational inside itself. .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 , .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 .postImageUrl , .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 , .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0:hover , .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0:visited , .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0:active { border:0!important; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0:active , .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0:hover { darkness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-improvement: underline; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u70f9b416334b6078bd ab71cc6aab35e0 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u70f9b416334b6078bdab71cc6aab35e0:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Concept - The Face of Saint Peter's EssayThe accuracy is displayed flawlessly all through the whole film. He shaped the film to be indistinguishable from genuine occurrences and reproduced accurate scenes and characters to give the crowd a full comprehension of this activity. Not exclusively was the exchange content exact, yet in addition the visual substance too. While concentrating on the little subtleties like outfits and props, Affleck consolidates everything 70’s, except in an unpretentious way. It was not diverting or deluding, just supportive to the movie’s plot. It appears as though the mission was being recorde d as it was going on. To demonstrate the movie’s exactness, all through the film and in the credits, they show real film and pictures from 1979 alongside their diversion. Despite the fact that it’s about a phony film, it is a genuine story shown wonderfully. Not exclusively is this film engaging, however it is a significant part in our history. This return in time was considered from Affleck’s moving want to recount to a significant story. With the solid plot, convincing acting, and powerful substance, this film is an unquestionable requirement see. I would rate this film with four stars.

Marketing channels Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Promoting channels - Assignment Example This will help in expanding the offer of the organization. The outcome will be an expansion in the quantity of clients for the association. (c) When a shopper gets a deficient item then the person in question can restore the items back to the autonomous magnificence expert and get it traded. At the point when a shopper purchases beauty care products from a medication store or retail establishment then he probably won't get an opportunity to trade the items if there should be an occurrence of a deformity. The autonomous excellence advisors weight on building a decent connection with the client so they trade the item if there should arise an occurrence of an imperfection. They ingest the misfortune that emerges from trading the item. The retail chain or medication store probably won't trade the items since building customer unwaveringness isn't their rationale. Answer 2 Advertising offices can be considered as a piece of the channel as they will successfully showcase the item in the ma rket. This will help in building a brand picture of the organization. Remembering money related foundations for the channel won't be productive for the association as compelling promoting and selling the item won't be conceivable. Money related foundation won't contribute in building a brand picture so including a budgetary organization isn't worth. ... Model Consumers can be delegated as a free wonder advisor by the association. Answer 3 Using different media for notice will lessen the separation. Promotion is done to reach to pull in an enormous number of clients. Publicizing through web and the internet will decrease the separation as been examined by Alderson. Answer 4 Product division should be possible between clients like little, medium and enormous however if there should be an occurrence of administration, division is impossible into little, medium and huge. Model steel can be sold in little medium or tremendous parcel however PC administrations can't be fragmented. Answer 5 if there should be an occurrence of shopper merchandise like bread and breakfast grain the channel of dispersion utilized is supermarket. Answer 6 (A) When selling and overhauling ultrasound machine in a clinic crisis room exceptionally viable channel stream is required. b) if there should arise an occurrence of a scholastic clinical specialist a less s uccessful channel of stream will do on the grounds that he doesn't have any crisis necessity. Answer 7 A channel supervisor must look to target greatest number of portions so as to build the volume of deals yet he needs to remember that the more sections he focuses on, the bigger assortment of items must be created by the association. Answer 8 An interest side hole in the administration channel can emerge when the administrations gave are not of high caliber as requested by the clients. Answer 9 A gracefully side hole can emerge if quality items are not delivered so as to carter to the prerequisites of the clients. At the point when the gracefully is low and the interest is high then a flexibly side hole is made. Acquiring cutting edge innovation to deliver can diminish this hole. Answer 10 It is imperative to realize the channel strife sources and channel power sources with the goal that appropriate channel can be set maintaining a strategic distance from these contention

8 Secrets Your Body Language is Revealing About You

8 Secrets Your Body Language is Revealing About You All around the world, there are thousands of languages.One of them and probably the most important of them is body language.WHAT’S BODY LANGUAGE? Body language is the means of communication with other people through how we position our body or gestures we make.But how often do you pay attention to body language?In your daily interactions, its vital to pay attention to your body language and that of other people you interact with.Because many times, body language speaks the truth far better than tongues can.And many times, people say opposite of what they mean.Having knowledge of body language can help you identify when things may be different from the words youre hearing. And people can get your messages better with body language.How important is body language? From Professor Mehrabians study in the 1960s, there was a claim that 93% of human communication is nonverbal.Even though other experts have refuted that value as an exaggeration and a misunderstanding of the results of the s tudy, they put the value at about 60 to 70% of human communication.Whatever way you look at it, body language usually plays a bigger role than the words you say. The beauty, or the catastrophe, is that body language affects many things you do in life.Without overstating it, body language could determine your success in some critical aspects of your life.Two big aspects that come to mind is your career and personal relationships.A question that may have bothered you for a long time is: why do two people say the same things and get totally different results?How do some people manage to convince everyone at work of their ideas? How do some people attract the opposite sex without trying or saying special words?The answer could be the difference in body language. In this guide, well go through some things your body language says about you to other people.1. Crossed Arms Around the ChestYou probably see people crossing their arms around their chest every day. But what does this mean in yo ur daily conversations?There are many possible explanations for this body language. The most common reason for this gesture is that the other party is closed off about the topic youre discussing.Lets say youre having a discussion with a coworker and they maintain this pose, it usually means theyre uninterested in what youre saying.Of course, this could be for many reasons. Maybe theyre angry with you personally or youre bothering them too much. Or your idea is bland. This posture, combined with other signals, can show more accurately the message the other party is trying to send to you.When you have this posture too, this is what youre telling people even without opening your mouth.Another aspect when this passes a message is in personal relationships especially in dating or parents relating to their children.What does this posture mean in dating? At the beginning of a potential relationship, this could be that the other party is not interested.For instance, when a lady crosses her arms across her chest when meeting a guy for the first time, it could be that shes uninterested in what the guy has to say.Most likely, shes probably not looking forward to meeting the guy again. If this occurs between two people who are already dating, it could be that someone is angry at their partner for a reason.This can often happen between parents and children. When a child maintains this pose while their parent is talking, then theyre usually not in agreement with their parent.In some cases, it could be a sign of rebellion and willingness to disobey their parent. A parent can see this sign and know that their message is not getting through.Generally, when you notice this posture, then you should consider what could attract this posture and try to make the necessary amendments.If you maintain this pose, you should open your arms to make you look open and accessible to the person talking to you.Of course, there are exceptions to what Ive stated.Sometimes, this posture could be maintained jokingly. In cases like this, its usually evident to both parties and theres no worry.2. Eye Contact As some would say, the eye is the window of the soul.Through the eye, you can see through someone and get a lot of knowledge about what theyre trying to communicate to you.Some possible gestures made with the eyes include:a. Avoiding Eye ContactWhen youre talking to someone but they seem to look at every other thing apart from your eyes, what does it mean? There are common reasons for this.Usually, in dating, this could be because someone is uninterested in the other person.For instance, a lady who seems to never look at a guys eyes could be telling her indirectly she has no interest in dating.However, this is not cast in stone. Some ladies will do this when theyre just getting to know someone and most of these body languages dont work in isolation.In fact, some ladies will avert their eyes because theyre shy. Or maybe they dont want a man to see through them.Between pare nts and children, eye contact starts from the time a child is born. What happens when a child avoids their parent’s eye?It could be for many reasons.Sometimes, it could be because the child is shy.But most times, its because the child is lying or trying to hide something from the parent. In this case, the parent can probe the child to get to the bottom of the issue.When you avert your eyes from people, this could be the message youre passing across to them. You should be aware of this to avoid sending the wrong messages.b. Making Eye ContactPeople pass many messages through eye contact. And its no surprise that some people communicate with themselves through eye contact without a spoken word.What does eye contact tell people about you? A lot, actually!Sometimes, eye contact is a way to show your interest in another person romantically. Its also a way of flirting. A deep gaze into another persons eyes could build the connection between you and the person. Even between people who a re in a relationship, eye contact is an important means of communication.At work, strong eye contact with your colleagues could make you more assertive. It could also help you to put your points across effectively.When you maintain eye contact with your colleagues, it gives the impression that youre really listening. So you should try to maintain eye contacts with your colleagues at work.Eye contact with your child could also help you build a strong connection with your child.c. Rolling EyesIn most cases, this is usually meant as an insult. Its common when theres a conflict between two people.If you roll your eyes at people, its likely theyll see it as an insult. In some cases though, it might be a way to joke around if done in a friendly context.d. Dilation or Contraction of the PupilThis can occur as a result of two main things:The amount of light availableA persons desire for another personGenerally, the pupil contracts in the afternoon as there is a high level of light in the af ternoon. And pupils dilate in the evening due to low light. Source: Five Seasons MedicineIn another sense, your pupil will dilate when you feel attracted to someone. In most cases, dilation of the pupil is unconscious.A good effect is that it usually prompts dilation of the pupil in the person youre having eye contact with.This is one of the reasons dinners with candle lights are so romantic.The low amount of light from the candles will prompt dilated pupils from the two people having dinner.This can be a way for you to show more attraction to your partner.3. Touching Your Face and HairWhen youre attracted to someone, your skin will usually be more sensitive; especially around your face. Its possible you touch your mouth or lips.Its common for ladies to also touch their necks and hair when theyre attracted to a man.These reactions are usually caused by more flow of blood to the face when youre attracted to someone.Another part you can touch unconsciously is your neck. In many cases, people touch their neck when they feel threatened by a parti cular situation.For instance, if you usually touch your neck before answering a particular question.This could be a threatening question and people usually lie when they answer the question while touching their neck.Another function of touching the neck can be to relieve stress.In stressful situations, people touch their neck to slow their heart rate and lead to a calming effect.Likewise, people touch their neck with their hands or shoulder when they lack confidence or are nervous in a situation.You should try to avoid touching your necks as much as possible to avoid giving off these signs.4. Smile A smile is a facial expression that shows happiness about an issue or with an individual. When people see a smile on your face, it attracts a positive reaction from them.However, its important to note that not every smile is real. Some smiles are fake and just meant to be polite.Experts believe that one way to identify a real smile is that it engages the muscles in the face whereas a fake smile is usually just evident in the mouth.For instance, people will likely see a wrinkle around your eyes when you have a real smile on your face.A real smile can be contagious.Have you laughed before because people around you were laughing? Even when youre unaware of why theyre laughing?A smile can transmit happiness to another person and they see you as less dangerous.Regardless of whether you have a fake or real smile on your face, its a way to make other people smile.Therefore, conversations become easier and you can build better bonds in your personal and business relationships.5. HandshakesThis is a gesture that is common in formal settings. And how you shake hands with people may define how they see you.Do you have a weak handshake?This could make people see you as weak and lacking in confidence. On the other hand, having a firm handshake makes you look strong and confident to other people. At workplaces, its important that people view you as strong. This is especially impo rtant during negotiations as it sets the tone.If you go on with the other party seeing you as weak, then you may not get the best out of the negotiation.Other tips you need to keep in mind while having handshakes is to look at somebody in the eye while shaking their hands.Added to that, you should stand straight and make your body open to the person youre shaking.All these give you a more confident look when meeting people. It can also create a good first impression if youre meeting someone for the first time.If you want to see examples of how handshakes should be done, you can look at CEOs of companies when they meet other people.You can also look at the presidents of countries. For instance, you can look at Barrack Obama when shaking hands with other leaders.You can also look at Donald Trump while shaking hands. These are handshakes that show power and is aimed at making you look strong to the other party.6. ProximityThe concept of personal space explains a bit about proximity.For instance, theres common advice that you should be mindful of invading peoples personal space unless youre in a romantic relationship or have family ties.Nevertheless, getting close to people is not only useful in personal relationships. It can also help you to improve your connection to colleagues at work. Daily, you interact with coworkers and often build friendships with them. Staying aloof all the time to a coworker might look weird after a period of time.Sure, when you first start getting to know a coworker, you can maintain your distance.But as you get to know each other, you should maintain close proximity so far the coworker doesnt have issues with it.This will show other people your confidence and youre also likely to have better collaborations with such workers.7. MirroringA huge portion of attracting other people is body language.And one important body language you can implement is to mirror what people do.Its an old psychological trick. But that doesnt make it less effec tive.People are generally more receptive to other people who are like them. And this is one of the main aims of mirroring.When you mirror an individuals posture, they see you as similar to them and theyll like you more for that.This is important when trying to build a relationship with another person, whether personal or business.In his book, Influence, Robert Cialdini explains this concept more. If youre trying to make someone like you, one strategy you should implement is mirroring.Its benefit in personal relationships is that your potential partner can see you as a likable person. And thus, get more interested in you.And for business, salespeople do this as it helps them connect better with their potential customers. Likewise, you can use it to build better relationships with coworkers.8. Hand and Arm Gestures Talking to people without making gestures can make you look robotic. Therefore, to make you more convincing, you should show hand and arm gestures.Without adding substance to what you say, it helps you to get your points across effectively. Apart from making hand and arm gestures while talking, there are other gestures that reveal your mood to another person.When you have your hands clenched, people can see this as a sign of frustration. especially if your clenched hands are raised high.Another gesture you can make is that of a steepling hand. This could be the raised or lowered steeple. When you use this gesture, it shows confidence.You can use either the raised or the lowered steepled hands. The raised steeple is advisable when youre talking to someone and the lowered for when youre listening to someone.Also, gripping your hands behind your back can make you look confident to people. One popular set of people who do this are headmasters when they go through their school.DIFFERENCE IN CULTURESHaving talked about many body language gestures, you have to note that theres no hard rule about what a gesture means.First of all, people have to look at the context in which you show body language.Then the way people see your body language will also depend on your location and its culture.For instance, in some parts of the United States, people hug freely and are less protective of their personal space.However, its a different story in some other parts. When you consider this, people will see proximity differently in these areas. Thus, the interpretation of your body language will be different.CONCLUSIONBody language is a vital part of our daily lives.The interesting thing is that some of these actions are unconscious. You need to bring your body language to your consciousness and ensure that youre not sending the wrong message to people.Check out all these body language gestures and use them to build the right personal and work relationships.

Essay on Food Advertisements - 2423 Words

When my family moved away from the place I grew up I began to have a major problem with my weight; I turned to food to comfort me. I somehow felt secure while eating and because of that psychological reassurance I got from the food, I was soon over weight. I knew I had to do something but that urgency would die when I would be introduced to a new flavor of Brewster’s ice cream or a limited time only supreme large fries that I saw advertised on the television or in a magazine. My self esteem and body-image suffered a great amount during those years of constant struggle. As I looked at pictures of celebrities, athletes, average people, friends, my sister and then myself, I noticed something, all of them were thin except me. After this and†¦show more content†¦Food advertisements, if focused at the right people and in the right places, are a complete success. These features, some of which are commercials, seduce society into buying food that we necessarily do not need. M any advertisement companies, especially those about food, are directed to children because they know that if you grab the kids you have their parents. While brands are using fun cartoons like â€Å"Trix Rabbit† and â€Å"Toucan Sam† (Green, 2007, p. 49) supermarkets are taking these items and placing them right in front of the children, at their level, advertising the â€Å"Fun foods† (Elliot, 2008, p. 259-273). They do this so the kids will use their, â€Å"pester power† (Scholsser, n.d., p. 2) to get what they want. A series of studies have been performed on children and television advertisements. An article states, â€Å"These studies have generally linked childrens television viewing to negative health effects† (Korr, 2008, p. 451). Amongst these negative effects is a higher level of childhood obesity (p. 451). Similarly, in another study performed by a group of researchers, kids were asked to explain the television commercials that they rememb ered the best. The answers given were then compared with their diets. Interestingly, the items those children remembered best, chips, sweets, and sodas were a huge part of what they ate (Hitching Moynihan, 1998, p. 511-517). However, some authors argue that television producer’s, even though theirShow MoreRelatedFast Food Advertisement Regulations1959 Words   |  8 PagesZachary Buerkle November 12, 2012 Is fast food the new tobacco? Should government further regulate fast food advertisements as done with tobacco advertisements? On June 22 of 2010, over ten years of intensive planning from the FDA would finally result in the extensive regulation of the $89 billion tobacco industry. Although the newly created laws could not illegalize nicotine or tobacco, the FDA was given vast authority to regulate the ingredients in tobacco products as well as the way theyRead MoreFast Food Advertisements Essay1002 Words   |  5 PagesThe power advertisements have to influence decisions and affect people’s lives is astounding. They are meant to be big, bright, and flashy to try and attract people to buy their products. Ads are also impossible to avoid. You cannot walk down the street, watch television, or browse the internet without seeing ads all over the place. The problem with this is that younger people can be too easily swayed by these ads and the results have many negative consequences. These upbeat and catchy commercialsRead MoreFast Food Advertisements Should Be Banned872 Words   |  4 Pagesof fast food ads, one controversial issue has been that fast food ads can be held responsible for childhood obesity. On the other hand, most people contend that fast food ads shouldn’t be banned because there are a lot of people who love fast food. Others even maintain that if people banned fast food ads, children will go more into the drugs instead of fast food. My own view is that fast food ads shouldn’t be banned. I know that fast food ads can manipulate children and adults to buy food which canRead MoreThe Content Of Food And Beverage Advertisements Are Influencing Childrens Mentality1800 Words   |  8 Pages A growing number of research has been committed to determine whether the content of food and beverage advertisements is influencing children’s mentality. Since advertising could be used as a vehicle for sharing knowledge and beliefs which may affect patterns of behavior. Children are like a blank canvas on which to paint a new life idea. Children like everyone else also consume nutrients through sight and hearing. 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There is the possibility of a child, too young, that does not have a defined taste, who can not tell exactly what they are eating and also they are not aware of the nutritional value of foods, be skilful to have a wish? Would have a child under one year, the ability to want a specific type of food which they never experienced bef oreRead MoreJunk Food Advertisements During Childrens Programs Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesIt has been recently reported by the Martens and Schneider (Guardian, 2009) that billions of pounds are spent every day by the junk food companies on persuading children to consume their products. In addition, an American study shows that during Saturday morning, when children are more likely to be watching, one food commercial is shown every eight minutes and which considered an alarming rate (Bell, 2009). Should government allow these companies to advertise their products on television during children’sRead MoreFood Advertisement Paper2017 Words   |  9 PagesWhy Were Advertisements Developed and How Have they Changed? An important topic in the late 1920’s was food. Since it was around the time of the Great Depression money was scarce and food was important for survival. In order to make money and beat competitors, companies had to get their products well known and keep their prices low. One way businesses did this was by either sponsoring a radio show or putting their product on paper, which was the beginning of advertising. This was significantRead MoreAn Advertisement On The Food / Drink Industry958 Words   |  4 Pageswhere we are, we will always see some form of an advertisement, whether it be a commercial, billboard, or anything else that a company uses to broadcast their product. Every company does it or else they won t have their product/business noticed by the public. On an average, American s are shown to be susceptible anywhere from 250 to 3000 advertisements per day.One of the most dominant advertising strategies used today is the use of false advertisements. False advertising is being used every day toRead MoreEffects Of Food Advertisements On The Health Of Children1303 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Food Advertisements on the Health of Children Unhealthy food advertisements are causing obesity and health problems for children. Influential advertisements that are constantly shown to children while they watch TV, motivate them to make poor food choices. Children start to believe that unhealthy and non ­nutritious foods often referred to as â€Å"junk food† are what they should consume. Young children are not aware of what consists a healthy diet and they over ­consume the unhealthy junk

Strategic Human Resource Management Essay - 1117 Words

Section One Strategic human resource management (SHRM) is a tactical method for the management of an organisation’s human resource function in line with organisational goals and objectives. SHRM enhances these functions by linking the traditional human resource practices to business strategy and the realization of organisational goals in order to enable the organisation to achieve a competitive advantage. Importance of SHRM in Organisations According to Wei (2006), properly designed and executed SHRM can facilitate the achievement of organisational goals. Clearly set goals of an organisation require the dedication of all the organisation’s employees. It is the duty of the human resource department of the organisation to identify the†¦show more content†¦SHRM provides employees with authority in their responsibilities and affords them the flexibility that can motivate innovation. Such flexibility and responsibility can improve an organisation’s productivity. Strategic human resource management expands the skill base of the organisation’s employees to enable them to acquire the necessary skills which are useful in the organisation’s strategic growth (Armstrong 2008). Constant learning and skill development is important due to the changing nature of business environments and information technology. The Contribution of SHRM to the Achievement of an Organisation’s Objectives At Merton Campaign Society, the organisation seeks to create an environment where people are safe by encouraging active participation in community affairs. The strategic human resource function of Merton Campaign Society is geared towards the transformation of the local community into a safe place for all residents. SHRM urges the organisation’s employees to identify with and contribute towards the realization of organisational values and objectives. It develops an environment of trust and a sense of unity among the employees of Merton Campaign Society. In addition, the SHRM at Merton Campaign Society has created a performance culture that inspires productivity, growth and customer service. The organisation applies strategic human resource management to improve the relationship betweenShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management and Strategic Human Resource Management1136 Words   |  5 PagesMana ging Human Resources, 3rd edn, John Wiley Sons, Milton, Qld. In chapter 1 of the text, the author shows an overview of human resource management and strategic human resource management. The author also shows the relationship between HRM and management, manager’s role meaning of strategy, strategic approach to HRM and strategic challenges. Lots of diagrams and explanations are used by the author. 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Word and Book Passionate Declaration Free Essays

Howard Zinns book passionate declaration, was very interesting in the first chapter American Ideology he talks about the end result of these instances was many if not all of these inferior people were killed. He also talks about how we favor the rich and neglect the poor and that it should be the other way around that life should be an entirely different way. That because of Reagan many issues came to be, Because of Reagan this country is the way it is! Although we live in a democratic country, The ideas of ethical behaviors that were formulated by our forefathers has condemned us to accept them as right. We will write a custom essay sample on Word and Book Passionate Declaration or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"Thus we grow up in a society where our choice of idea is limited and where certain ideas are dominant† which is very much true unless you have money your ideas will never be heard, it’s very rare where someone who is unwealthy is hear amongst millions. The only time you are really heard is where you die a tragic death. In chapter 2; Machiavellian Realism and U. S. Foreign Policy: Means and Ends. Howard zinn talks about, what kind of society we want? And how will we get it? â€Å" The instance of building more nuclear weapons when we already possess more than enough to destroy the world†¦ allowing the police to arrest any person on the street refusing to move on when ordered†¦ and consider how often a parent [usually a father] has said to a son or daughter: its good to have idealistic visions of a better world but your living in the real world, so act accordingly† This have all had an effect one or more times in my life. Some may refer to me as a hippie because I’m all about peace on this world or because I refuse to eat animals such as chickens, cows, goats anything with a heartbeat, but my beliefs are my beliefs. I do believe a world without weapons would be wonderful, a world where I don’t have to walk down the street and a cops going to stop me cause he believes I’m being somewhat â€Å"suspicious†. Of course I would love for this world to speak up and use our words rather that use our weapons or hands to harm one another. You ever see a person get called something and notice how one simple word such as â€Å"ugly† can completely set them off and just then you see this person react in a way that they use their words completely to prove a point on how, the specific word you called or used is in no way or fact them on how they spent all that time to prove one person wrong. I wish the world worked in words. I wish we didn’t have to tell our children that this is the world, so act accordingly. I was one of those children, whose father told them that, and my dreams were crushed instantly, I was 9. How to cite Word and Book Passionate Declaration, Essay examples

Vietnam Essays (8447 words) - , Term Papers

Vietnam INTRODUCTION The war-torn country of Vietnam is once again in the midst of a revolution. Only this war is not being fought with soldiers and tanks; rather, it is being fought and won with businessmen and free-trade. This new on-slot of foreign business in the formerly closed country have completely rejuvenated the Vietnamese economy. For the first time since the re-unification of Vietnam in 1976, the doors of the market place are opened to the outside world and Vietnam is aggressively taking a stance for further economic development. Before any International firm attempts to conduct business with, or in Vietnam, it is extremely important to not only know your potential consumer, but to understand him as well. Vietnam has a unique and rich cultural history that separates it from its neighboring Asian nations. Therefore, even the most successful marketing plans for other Asian countries probably will not work in Vietnam. It is a country with an identity of its own. This report was compiled in an attempt to educate businesses and their employees of what makes Vietnam the welcoming, yet challenging nation it has become in the global marketplace. By first understanding the country and the people, it is then possible to formulate the most successful plan for a business venture. By gaining a foot-hold in the emerging market now, companies will benefit from continuous economic growth from the next potential ?Asian Tiger?--VIETNAM. ABSTRACT This is a glance into the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, describing and analyzing its political, economic, social, and national security systems and institutions, and examining the interrelationships of those systems and the ways they are shaped by cultural factors. This in an attempt to provide a basic understanding of the observed society, striving for a dynamic rather than a static portrayal. Particular attention is devoted to the people who make up the society, their origins, dominant beliefs and values, their common interests and the issues on which they are divided, the nature and extent of their involvement with national institutions, and their attitudes toward each other and toward their social system and political order. GENERAL INFORMATION 1 Official Name: Socialist Republic of Vietnam Capital: Hanoi Location: A republic of Southeast Asia, bordered by China on the north, the South China Sea on the east and south, and Cambodia and Laos on the west (see Appendix A). Land Area: Its area is 329,707 sq km (127,301 sq mi); larger than Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina combined. Terrain: Varies from mountainous to costal delta. Climate: Tropical monsoon. GOVERNMENT 2 A constitution enacted in 1992 assigned to the Communist party a leading role in Vietnamese government and society, but curbed some of its administrative functions. The constitution also increased the powers of the National Assembly. The Communist party acts through the Vietnam Fatherland Front, which includes representatives of the nation's political parties, trade unions, and social organizations. Executive Under the 1992 constitution, the head of state is a president, elected by the legislature from among its members; as commander of the armed forces, the president chairs the Council on National Defense and Security. The president appoints, with legislative approval, the prime minister, who heads the government. The prime minister appoints a cabinet, also subject to legislative approval. Legislative The unicameral National Assembly, composed of a maximum of 400 members, is the highest legislative body in Vietnam. The legislature is elected to a five-year term by universal adult suffrage. Judiciary Judges of the people's courts are elected to their offices. Organs of Control, which act as watchdogs for the state as well as monitoring government agencies, can initiate lawsuits against governmental bodies or individuals deemed to be violating the law. The highest court in Vietnam is the Supreme People's Court. Local Government A system of people's councils, each representing a local jurisdiction, administers local government in Vietnam. Each council elects a committee to serve as an executive. The country is divided into 53 provinces and three municipalities: Hanoi, Haiphong, and Ho Chi Minh City. HISTORY 3 Over thousands of years the Vietnamese have passed down the legend of their origin as being descendants of the Dragon and the Fairy. An extremely strong son of a dragon, Lac Long Quan, having killed a sea monster, settled in what is now Vietnam, and married a fairy, Au Co. Together, they gave birth to

Tips and Techniques to Avoid Writers Block

Tips and Techniques to Avoid Writers Block Tips and Techniques to Avoid Writer's Block The writing process is rarely a straightforward one. It always comes with periods of self-doubt and lack of inspiration. Most authors struggle to know how to handle these challenges. This is why we decided to interview a specialist on writer's block: Tom Evans.Tom is the author of over 10 books on creativity, meditation and Big Questions. He teaches authors how to ‘meditate’ to get inspiration and words for their books.In this interview, he teaches us simple techniques and principles to keep writer’s block at arm’s length and unlock our creativity - even under tight deadlines!Hit â€Å"play† if you want to hear him offer his advice in a calm, soothing voice; or, alternatively, read the transcript below! Hi Tom, great to have you here! Why don’t you give us a bit of background on your writing career and how you got started as an author unblocker?Sure, I’ll tell you how my career started, because I think most writers end up being writers by accident - you can’t necessarily plan it. I was on a plane going on a holiday to the Caribbean when all of the sudden this idea for a book came in. So I started writing furiously and by the time we landed the first draft was finished. I published it when I got back to the UK, it’s called 100 Years of Ermintrude, as a hommage to One Hundred years of Solitude by Gabriel Garcia Marquez.That was before the Kindle, so I just published it as a PDF-ebook and people started downloading it and liking it! A lot of people started approaching me, saying â€Å"you’ve written a book, can you help me write one?† and it kind of started from there. At the time I was a bored IT consultant. Before I knew it I had written and published a second and third book and was helping a lot of writers with the creative process. But many people came to me as they were stuck, and I had no tools to deal with the â€Å"stuckness†. So I went and learned a bit of hypnotherapy and progression therapy and I discovered mechanisms to unblock pretty much anyone.In all cases of writer's block, there is an underlying life block, which you need to deal with.Let’s say an author approaches you because they’re stuck. What do you do to unblock them, do you look for the underlying life block?There are two main ways of doing it. The first one is to put such a big carrot in front of the author that it blasts the block away: â€Å"look, getting this book out is going to change your career; it’s going to open a bunch of doors, etc.†Or, sometimes, they just don’t have a big enough idea. I was talking to a couple of authors this morning who had been writing this book for 5 years now, but didn†™t have the idea for it formed that well. So I didn’t technically need to do any unblocking; all I needed to do was give them the whole vision for their book - through mind-mapping. I also gave them the structure for the book and how they were going to co-write it. Now they’ve got the vision, they’re up and running.A few weeks ago, we were interviewing Scott Berkun, a speaker and myth-buster on creativity and innovation, and he said that writers’ main problem is laziness. Would you agree with that? What can writers do to avoid it?Yes, it’s actually amazing how people can become creatively uncreative: they get really creative about doing everything else but the creative task.A lot of times, what happens is people have false starts when getting started. I’m sure there are many more half-written manuscripts on people’s hard-drives than there are published books out there. For most of them, it’s because the idea wasn’t st rong enough, so they get to a point where they ask themselves â€Å"where is this going?†So I always start with a structure. Of course I leave the author enough freedom to creatively wander around, but always within a structure. All my books have got a metalayer. For example, for my latest book, I knew it was going to be 18 chapters. And what I do is I make appointments for my chapters in my diary. I move other plans around these appointments, but these are sacred because no one else is going to write my book. It’s a really good discipline to have.And what happens then is that the information that you need to write that following chapter has that uncanny way of just showing up. There are a few neurological reasons for that, but basically your brain tunes in to what you need to write, so you get into that lovely zone on the given day and the chapter just flows.But of course, if you allow other elements to come in, it will disrupt that process and the book will never get written.But doesn’t this outlining, defining of the structure and planning of the writing process impose constraints on your plot and characters that go against the idea that the story will develop by itself?There are two approaches I think. In non-fiction, structure is vital. In fiction, I believe you still need some form of structure. It can be temporal - a chronology you’re going to follow - or event-based, or even character-based.Let’s say you have this classic structure of a character who goes through a journey of trial to find enlightenment, you need to define a meta-level for this character that you’re going to hold, and then you can throw things at the character that will challenge them and help them find their way.If you think about Dan Brown - my guilty pleasure – all his books have this hero A, hero B, and then the albino monk. And you know that at some point the heroes are going to get together and the albino monk will come in as we ll. Having that kind of meta-structure works. Obviously, you let things happen as you let the creative flow come in. But the reason you have a structure is so you finish. I started working with somebody a couple of years ago who has now ended up writing 180,000 words, so we have to split it into a trilogy. If you have a clear structure when you start writing, you know how long the book will be.You also use meditation a lot to unblock authors, slow down time and unlock creativity. How can authors use meditation in order to get past all the things that are an obstacle to the writing?The first thing I want to say is that there’s no mystic around meditation. You don’t need to sit in a dark room or in a cave. It’s a natural thing that we all do. When we fall into our creative zone we are in a meditative state.One thing we all need to remember is that our minds are only capable of having one thought at a time. When you’re thinking about what you’re think ing about, the thought you were thinking gets replaced by the thought you’re thinking about it, you know what I mean?If I’m thinking â€Å"will people really care about the words that I’m writing right now?†, then that takes my mind away from the words themselves. So getting in the meditative state with your eyes open is a fantastic way to get completely absorbed and focused on what you’re doing, and to take your conscious mind out of the loop. You become more of a channel of the work as opposed to a generator of it: it’s almost as if the work comes through you. Very often, I have to read the book that I wrote to work out exactly what I’ve written because I was in such a meditative state when writing that I wasn’t aware of it.The way to get into the eyes-open meditative state is to learn first how to meditate with your eyes closed. I’ve recorded a few visualizations that are free to teach authors how to do that. And as y ou rightly say, when you get into that state, time seems to take that lovely ethereal quality and you get more things done.You mentioned book marketing. That’s the other big thing that authors can be afraid about or don’t know how to handle, and I think marketing also requires a lot of creativity and structure. Do you also help authors on that path?Yes, more and more. I think there are two forms of block: writer’s block and author’s block. Writer’s block is the one that prevents the authors from getting the book written, and author’s block is the block that stops them from getting the book out there.Often, writers can be shy, afraid of public speaking, etc. So I help them with that. Nowadays, thanks to the internet, we can do things like this Hangout, or podcasting. There are lots of ways of being creative about getting the work out there.One of the things I love doing, for example, is serializing bits of my books in audio. You can put those out on podcast channels, you can tweet them, Facebook them, etc.That’s really interesting, because there is a lot of talk around serializing novels now with Kindle Unlimited, and there has been a lot of talk around audiobooks for some time now; but combining the two and serializing audio is something I haven’t seen any authors do so far. Thanks for taking the time to chat with us, Tom!My pleasure! And one last note to finish for all authors out there: you must get yourself a Reedsy profile, they’re absolutely brilliant!Follow Tom Evans and Reedsy on Twitter: @thebookwright  and  @ReedsyHQ!What do you do to  Ã¢â‚¬Å"get in the zone†? How do you manage to power through writer’s block? Leave us your thoughts, or any questions for Tom, in the comments below!

Seven Lessons Reluctantly Learned from Publishing My First Book

Seven Lessons Reluctantly Learned from Publishing My First Book When your first book is finally accepted and (miracle!) published, you may think all your writing problems are solved. But I found that publication, like finally losing those stubborn ten pounds, isn’t the Nirvana we imagine it to be. In the process of publishing my first book, I’ve learned some important lessons, shared here. I hope these seven (and I’m sure they’re only a fraction) help you cushion your own publication shock and plan your counterattacks.   Ã‚      1. Tell everyone. Perfect your elevator pitch- a one-sentence explanation to rivet the person who’s getting off the floor ahead of you. Here’s mine: In Trust Your Life: Forgive Yourself and Go After Your Dreams, I apply practical spirituality to help you let go of regrets, relabel your past, and reach your lifelong yearnings. Then I mumble something about AmazonBNBooksAMillionKindleNook and whip out my bookmark, which coincidentally displays purchase and website information. For nonfiction pitches, see Ann Brandt, â€Å"Marketing Your First Nonfiction Book,† Writing World, 10:22, Nov. 18, 2010. For fiction pitches, see AuthorBuzz, authorbuzz.com/dearreader/firth.shtml. 2. Once you broadcast the good news, accept congratulations graciously. Don’t deflect: â€Å"Awww, it’s only my first. Miss Successful-Author-Five-Years-Younger has twelve.† Instead, reply like a seasoned author: â€Å"Thank you so much for your kind words.† 3. Climb on your platform. When you’ve finally finished the last revision, or, as experts counsel, much before, concentrate on your platform. This is everything you can think of to promote your book: book launch, ads, press releases, blogs, websites, social media, articles, interviews, book tours . . . . Post your book notice on Facebook, tweet about it, Pinterest it. See, for example, Clary Lopez, â€Å"The Ultimate Book Launch Party,† http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Ultimate-Book-Launch-Partyid=857042. 4. Watch out for promotion envy. Someone always does it bigger and better. Larger launches, finer wine, catered monogrammed mini-cakes, more blogs posted, excerpts published, ads placed, reviews acquired, book clubs toured, interviews given, TV shows graced, emails blasted, friends liked, tweets twitted. Do what you can- sanely. For inspiration, good judgment, and gentle stretching of your comfort boundaries, see Christina Katz’s excellent article on platform-publicity-building, â€Å"50 in Five Minutes a Day,† writersdigest.com/whats-new/50-simple-ways-to-build-your-platform-in-5-minutes-a-day. 5. Guard against Overwhelm. Staring at an endless list of bloggers inviting guests, radio shows inviting interviews, or excellent ezines for excerpts from your book, you can feel like you’ve been handed a shopping list for double septuplets. Regain your bearings 6. Write about what you’re experiencing. If you have the urge to write about the entire process, do it! Spilling can help frustration, worries, and engulfment. For the first ten days after acceptance, I kept a â€Å"Book Journal† that channeled much of my anxiety. A journal may seem like it’s taking you away from revisions or yet more promotion. But you’ll feel better, and you’ll have the makings of a blog. 7. There is writing life after publication. When your book finally appears, in print and multi-e-forms, and you’ve got the publicity on a decent schedule, go back to your writing routine. Get to the next writing project you left hanging or pine for. You’ll feel more balanced and, paradoxically, despite your first-book publication, more like a writer again. My new project (admittedly publicity-related) is excerpting passages from Trust Your Life into articles and editing them for appropriate markets, judiciously cutting and reworking snappy endings that don’t segue to the following chapters. These lessons should help arm you in advance to better ease the publication shock, handle the disenchantment, and regain your writing routine. And keep you glowing with the wonder of publishing your first book.

Discuss the impact of fear and anger (in patients) when caring for Essay

Discuss the impact of fear and anger (in patients) when caring for clients in the health care setting - Essay Example â€Å"Anger is a HEALTHY EMOTION. It is a WARNING SIGNAL that something is wrong† (Middelton-Moz, Ph.D., 2009) Fear and anger even though are common in most of the living things and also in normal cases it may not create much harm to the person who was afraid of something or feeling angry at something, it’s effect is not the same as far as patients are concerned. Fear and angry can complicate the conditions of a patient because of the psychological and physiological changes it can develop among the patients. Patients irrespective of their nature of disease definitely need a peaceful mind for the speedy recovery from the disease. Fear and anger can worsen the conditions of a patient. Frustrations can creep up among the minds of the patients because of their inability to lead a normal life which they may demonstrate in the form of fear or anger. Nurses who are taking care of the patients often confused with, how to deal with such patients in order to settle them and to regain their lost mental balances or psychological equilibriums. â€Å"Fear of not being in control, fear of uncertainty and the unknown, fear of pain and change, fear of not being able to meet your obligations to family and job. Fears can mask themselves in anger and hostility, which is often directed at those youre closest to, as well as doctors, nurses, and technicians† (Schimmel, 2009) Dry Mouth, Heart Palpitations, Numbness, Heightened Senses, Breathlessness, Feeling Dizzy, Muscle Tension, Hyperventilation etc are the most visible symptoms of fear and anger (Duffey, 2009) First and the foremost thing the nurses must concentrate in dealing with such emotionally distracted patients are to develop strategies to regain the patient’s normal mental condition. Nurses must know that medications alone may not yield 100% recovery of such patients and psychological approaches also required to

The Specter of Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Specter of Terrorism - Essay Example Example: Al-Qaeda, Hamas, Taliban, Hezbollah, Tehrik-i-Taliban in Pakistan and Armed Islamic Group of Algeria. Offensive acts commonly committed by groups of terrorists are bombing in public places, raping women, kidnapping, torturing, wounding and murdering of civilians, political leaders, journalists and other distinguished characters in the society. Initiatives taken by the nations for abolishing terrorism can thus be highly justifiable. Particularly the United States and United Nations are giants and play significant roles in controlling the acts of terrorism in today’s world. This paper examines the increasing of terrorism in America and Middle East and the role on UN in resolving the problems associated with world terrorism. Involvement of US and UN in the security and political matters of other countries especially in the Middle East seems to have lead by other interests than terrorism. Example: US army invading Iraq in March 2003 is highly obscure. Initially Iraq was p resumed to cause a significant threat on the regional security of Middle East. Allegations made against Iraqi president were developing Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) example, nuclear and chemical weapons and not cooperating with the international observers who were agents of the United Nations. Saddam Hussein who was the president during that time rejected all the allegations made by the US. Regardless of the president’s rejections UN placed sanctions upon trading with Iraq and later the war was declared. After a year Charles Duelfer who is an adviser of Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) stated that Iraqi nuclear program was actually eliminated in 1991 and Saddam Hussein was right in rejecting the allegations made by the UN. One can argue that the former president of Iraq died fighting to protect the rights of his country’s sovereignty. And that US army was the actual terrorist who unlawfully used weapons against Iraqi population and its president. Further, no effo rt was taken to compensate the injustice caused by US against Iraq during the war. In a household survey carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Iraqi health ministry in 2007, it was revealed that the cost of human lives which were lost during the war is much higher than the cost of terrorism operated in Iraq. Initially the number of Iraqi civilian deaths has been not recorded by the international organizations. The actual cost of destroying the physical infrastructure and human capital had been carefully excluded from all the war accounts. Nevertheless the above survey revealed that US troops had killed civilians during the first two years of the war much more than the terrorist group al-Qaida ever did in Iraq (Steele and Goldenberg, 2008). The death toll of Iraqi civilians in fact exceeded one million. Moreover, the death toll of Iraqi children during the trade sanctions placed by the UN was half a million which exceeds the killings of actual nuclear bombing occ urred in Hiroshima (Albright, 1996). The opportunity cost of fighting in Iraq was substantially high for America as well. Example: The cost of fighting ten days in Iraq is equal to funding the continent of Africa for a year and eliminating illiteracy in the world (Crawley, 2008). Clearly the approach adapted by international governing bodies for ending the terrorism in the Middle East has many drawbacks. It is provocative and unjust in many ways. In a global economy where people die in starvation pumping millions of dollars

Depictions of the Reformation in Art

Depictions of the Reformation in Art The corruption and immorality of the Church spurred the Christian Reform movement in Europe, eventually leading to the hundred years of civil war between Protestants and Catholics or the Protestant Reformation. The Counter- Reformation began with the Pope Paul IIIs calling of the Council of Trent in response to Protestant uprising; this movement was initiated by the Churchs attempt to re-establish its power as the only true Church of Christ while pacifying the current disorder as well. The creation of these two rivaling movements jeopardized the Roman Catholic Churchs absolute authority in Europe, dividing it into the regions of the Protestant North and Catholic South. Influenced by these two opposing movements, the North and South branched out into different directions in terms of its culture and artistic style of painting. They developed unique style of painting, depicting differing themes, styles, and contents based on their dissimilar beliefs. What influence did the reform moveme nts have on the paintings from the south of the Alps, the north of the Alps, and the Netherlands and were the artists from these regions inspired by each other despite the divergence in their styles? The paintings by the artists from the South of the Alps would most likely been influenced by the Counter- Reformation, while the works produced from the other two regions would reflect the influence of the Protestant Reformation due to their geographical locations. Therefore, the content and purpose of the works from these regions should differ but some similarities may exist in the artists painting techniques because it was common for artists to travel to Rome during this time. It is interesting to analyze how the style in 16th and 17th Century Europe was shaped by the religious disparity and the development of new ideas which were reflected in the paintings. Since it is inaccurate to generalize the whole European continent into only two sections, I decided to narrow down my topic by focusing on the South of the Alps, the North of the Alps, and the Netherlands. I chose to study these regions because the South of the Alps was the center of Counter- Reformation strongly embraced by the Roman Catholic Church, while the North of the Alps was the birth place of the Protestantism. And the Netherlands was the hot bed for dispute between Calvinism and Catholicism. I referred the Protestant Reformers as one group, choosing not to deal with the Protestant sectarianism, a division within the Reformers due to the difference in their interpretation of the sacred texts, as part of my research. The final spark of the Protestant Reformation was The Ninety-Five Theses written by Martin Luther in 1517. His work disclosed Churchs dishonesty, rousing doubts in peoples minds about the Catholicism and also the Churchs authority. His criticism of the sale of indulgences and the Roman Catholic clergys abuses quickly earned popularity among people, regardless of their social standings and wealth, ultimately giving birth to Protestantism. Martin Luther condemned the sale of indulgences as a violation of the original meaning of confession and penance. Indulgence is the forgiveness of the temporal punishment for sins that have already been confessed. Reformers like Zwingli and Calvin had also commented on the corruptions within Church, but Luther was the one who introduced the radical idea of purifying the Christianity by physically breaking away from the Roman Catholic Church. The Luthers idea spread rapidly throughout the Europe, threatening the Roman Catholic Churchs established auth ority especially in the North. In addition to being known as the center of the Counter-Reformation, the South of the Alps was known as the center of stylistic development as well. It was the place of passion and innovation with the overflow of new artistic styles eventually giving birth to the Italian Renaissance. The artists from all of the Europe visited Rome and were inspired by the unique Italian styles. Aside from the innovative styles of Italian Renaissance, its content was often strictly religious. The Roman Catholic Church attempted to re-establish the catholic faith among people by regulating the artworks produced. The southern painters were forced to bring back the medieval tradition of producing strictly religious art, branching off into the different direction from the Northern painters. Scipione Pulzone was famous in Rome as the prototype of the Southern painters during this time period for his strictly religious paintings. The Lamentation, one of his most famous paintings, serves as the prime example of the art commissioned by the Church. Painted in 1592 for the chapel of the Passion of Christ in the Jesuit church of Gesà ¹ in Rome, this painting is clearly influenced by the Counter- Reformation in that it demonstrates the new artistic style advocated by the holy council. The Crucifixion of the Christ is the focus of this art piece, drawing viewers attention directly to the idealistic image of Christ in the center. Like other southern painters during this time period, the artist propagated faith by portraying the lives of saints and Christ in a realistic yet intensely dramatic manner. The careful details, facial expressions, along with the shadows cast on people enhance the lifelike characteristics. The depiction of the folds on peoples gowns is also note-worthy. The artist adds details such as tears of Virgin, the crown of thorns held by John, and the pallor of the Christs body to portray people in a more expressionistic manner. Moreover, the spotlight on the Christ in the center contributes an illusionistic and dramatic element to the painting which counter-balances the paintings realistic image. The light cast on the Christ, in comparison to the dark background, creates almost a theatrical impression. These characteristics represent the style of art in the south of the Alps during this period, also called the Italian Renaissance. Catholic Italy and Lutheran Germany shared in a lively commerceand the art of the sixteenth century in the north manifests the benefit of the exchange. Although the religious clash tormented the sixteenth century Europe, the exchange of artistic ideas continued to thrive. In the North, the intellectual shakeup of age-old faiths and opinions prepared the way for a new and nonreligious outlook on the world-the Enlightenment-when the rise of a scientific view of nature would challenge forever the dogmatisms of the past, also called the Northern Renaissance. However, the art of northern Europe during this period is also characterized by a sudden awareness of the advances made by the Italian Renaissance and by a desire to assimilate this new style. In other words, while the content of the artworks produced in the North differ from those of the region south of the Alps, the style was similar. Many northern artists traveled to Rome to study the new art in firsthand and others were exposed to the Italian style of painting through the direct contact with the Italian artists who came to the north. The influence of the Italian art varied according to the artist, the time, and the place; the northern artists generally kept their local traditions while adopting on ly single motifs or the general form of a composition. The Northern painters in general moving away from depicting biblical scenes and turned to painting ordinary people in a commonplace setting can be inferred to have been influenced by the Protestant- Reformation. Especially in the north of the Alps, the artists quickly incorporated Italian style into their artworks while avoiding portrayal of religious themes. The famous work, The Battle of Issus, by Albrecht Altdorfer in 1529 is a great example of a northern painting that diverges from the works produced in the regions south of the Alps. Albrecht Altdorfer represents the Donaustil (Danube Style), which depicts the landscape and stresses mood and passion. Although Altdorfers style is unique and personal, it still reflects the influence of Protestant- Reformation in that it eliminates depiction of religious themes. Moreover, his style clearly diverges from the style of painting prevalent in the regions of the south of the Alps. The painter gives a birds eye view of an Alpine landscape as the setting and depicts the battle scene in which the Alexander the Great overthrows the Persian King Darius. Instead of illustrating the strictly religious theme, the artist chooses to focus more on depicting the historical event. The crowd of people in comparison to the vast nature in the background suggests the moralizing theme of the insignificance of h uman life. He uses the vast nature in the background to symbolize the power of cosmos and the illuminating sky to represent the immense space. The slight trace of Italian Renaissance is shown by the meticulous details the painter uses for the image of Alexander the Great and the dramatic and illusionistic portrayal of the setting. Also the idealistic impression of the artwork as a whole resembles that of the Italian Renaissance paintings. Another praise-worthy example of Northern painting is The Judgment of Paris by Lucas Cranach the Elder, who is the representative of German Protestant painting. This work is a great example of how his works shifted from religious to humanistic subject matter when he became a follower of Luther. His humanistic subject matters include mythology, history, and also portraits. The Judgment of Paris illustrates the scene from mythology in which the three goddesses boast off their beauties in front of Paris. The humanistic subject matter along with the background landscape reflects the typical characteristics of Northern paintings. The cupid in the painting serves as a symbol for love and affection while the German armor that Paris is wearing in the painting represents his social status as a knight and his honor. The artist does not dress the goddesses after the antique manner. Cranachs composition featuring the nude was inspired in an attempt to learn from the style of Italian Renaissance. The Four Apostles by Albrecht Durer in 1526 is a remarkable northern painting that is stylistically influenced by Italian Renaissance. This art piece is unique in that the painter expresses his own religious and political testament, sympathizing the protestant cause and [warning] against the dangerous times, when religious, truth, justice, and the virtues all will be threatened. Unlike other Northern paintings, this piece does contain religious meanings, but it distinguishes itself from Italian paintings by eliminating any glorification of the Church. This piece was hung in the city hall, the four apostles symbolically representing the guardians of the city; they are cautioning people against the sermons of false prophets who will misinterpret the word of God. The four apostles are symbolic representative of various ideas such as the four temperaments, of the human soul, and also the four ages of man. In this painting, Durers experience of traveling to Italy allows him to harmonize t he two opposing styles of northern naturalism and southern monumentality. The realistic visualization of the four apostles reflects the northern naturalism while the monumentality of the figures along with the vivid use of color and sharp lighting mirror the Italian Renaissance. Durer, along with Cranach and Altdorfer, serves as an example of northern artist who illustrated contents related to Protestant-Reformation while incorporating styles of Italian Renaissance into his paintings. The Netherlands was the exceptional region in North in which Calvinism and Catholicism co-existed. In the late 16th Century, the Northern Netherlands was able to break away from Spains influence, while the Southern Netherlands remained under the rule of Spain. Therefore, the Northern Netherlands eventually embraced Calvinism while the Southern Netherlands remained as supporters of Catholicism. It is important to realize that Dutch and Flemings were not predestined to become Calvinists and Catholics; it was solely caused by the geographical and military circumstances. No curtain existed between the North and the South that forbid the exchange of ideas. In fact, Constantin Huygens, a diplomat and an art critic, referred to great painters of Amsterdam, Utrecht, and The Hague collectively as the painters of Netherlands. Therefore, it cannot be concluded that the Northern Netherlands was only influenced by Calvinist ideas, which also applies to the Southern Netherlands. In the early 17th Century Catholicism was suppressed and catholic churches were demolished due to the iconoclast movement, but the protestantizing of the Northern Netherlands was still a slow process. Most artists chose to remain as Catholics, although exact number is hard to determine. However, the attempt to repair damage caused by the iconoclast movement was not as extensive and as systematic in the North as in the South. The Northern Renaissance in the Netherlands took on a completely different form from the Italian Renaissance because the Church no longer was the major patron in the North. Instead, the wealthy merchant middle class were the primary patrons of the art and thus, the Dutch masters painted small pictures for their small houses, not for the Cathedral altars. Since large church commissions were no longer available, artists changed their styles in accordance to the taste of their new customers. The artists from the Netherlands specialized in intense realism, depicting lifelike features with an unflattering honesty, unlike the Italian Renaissance painters who specialized in idealism and simplicity. Therefore, the basis of art for the Northern Renaissance was observation while for the Italian Renaissance, it was theory. The Northern Renaissance in the Netherlands indirectly reflects the influence of Protestantism in that religious themes no longer prevailed in art, although more direct causes were the changing structure of the Netherlands economy and culture. The artworks produced in the 17th Century Netherlands were more conservative compared to those of Germany, concentrating on the nature and the past times of the prosperous Dutch merchants. The direct portraits, realistic still-lifes, landscapes, marine-scapes, and genre paintings showing scenes of everyday life were popular subjects of the Dutch artists. A Scene on the Ice by Hendrick Avercamp in 1625 is an accurate representation of a typical Dutch style, illustrating the commonplace scene of people enjoying winter sports in the quiet village of Kampen northeast of Amsterdam. His style clearly reflects the Northern Renaissances realism and its use of details, faithfully depicting the winter. He enhances his realistic rendering by using a frosty day to convey a sense of depth; the pearly gray tonality here becomes ever paler and the forms less distinct as they move into the distance. His work is unique in that it successfully portrays all classes of Dutch society through by using meticulous details, from the poor fisherman surveying the skater to the well-dressed ladies riding in an elegant sleigh driven by a groom. This is the typical genre painting of Northern Renaissance departing itself from the religious influence of Roman Catholic Church of Italy. A seascape, along with landscape, also became very popular in Holland due to the rise of merchant class; view of Dordrecht from the Dordtse Kil by Jan Van Goyen painted in 1644 serves is an impressive seascape painting. The artist uses monochromatic phase, which is a technique in which a single color dominates the painting, to unify each view of nature; the golden brown aura dictates the scene, from the hazy clouds to the city skyline. He reached the summit of Northern realism by lowering the horizon to focus more on the atmospheric conditions overhead and by creating an illusion of standing on the opposite shore of the port. Unlike the Northern Netherlands, the Southern Netherlands was more influenced by the Counter Reformation than the Protestant Reformation. The Reborn Catholicism in Spain had an undeniable impact on the Southern Netherlands provinces. Moreover, France sent numerous religious orders and congregations to Spanish Netherlands in order to secure the Catholics authorit y. The disparity in the contents of the paintings resulted from the disagreement in Protestants and Catholics perspectives of the human relationship with god. Unlike the Protestants who claimed that humans are capable of having a direct communication with god, the Catholics argued that intermediaries, such as saints and the Virgin Mary, are essential for humans to connect with god. Therefore, Catholics created artworks of saints, the Virgin Mary, and Jesus and gave reverence to them, as a way of getting closer to god. Although the Catholics asserted that they are not worshipping the intermediaries, the Protestants criticized this practice and led the iconoclastic movements. Iconoclasm is a deliberate destruction of religious icons and symbols within ones own culture for religious changes. The Protestants and Catholics conflict was caused by the difference in their perspectives of the sacred and secular;while the Catholics maintained the clear separation of the two, the reformers recogni zed the connection between the two. Consequently, the Roman Catholic Church clergy advocated strictly religious and sacred artworks whereas the reformers preferred artworks depicting the lives of ordinary people. The Northern Protestant painters believed that an ordinary life could glorify God just as much as a life `in the ministry ; since god created humans in His image, the reformation artists claimed that they are glorifying god by portraying the natural beauty of his creation, in other words, the people. These differing ideas are well conveyed through the artworks produced from the regions south of the Alps, north of the Alps, and the Netherlands mentioned above. My thesis is partially proven to be correct in that Italian art was definitely influenced by the Counter- Reformation and that German art was influenced by the Protestant- Reformation. But contradicting to my statement, the Netherlands was influenced by both religious movements. According to the Art History Professor S arah Blick from Canyon University, the Counter- Reformation had a more direct influence on art produced after 1520s then the Protestant Reformation. Therefore, she suggested me focus on the lack of religious content in the artworks in order to study the influence of Protestant Reformation during her interview. Although artworks from each of these regions have distinct characteristics that set them apart, Italian style of painting frequently perceived in these artworks indicate that artists were inspired by each other. Because I had to narrow down my topic, many new questions emerged from my research. I am curious to know whether the various Protestantism had different influences on art. For this research, I referred to Protestants as one group but I want to extend my research so that I can investigate on the influence of the Protestant Sectarianism on art. Bibliography MacCulloch, Diarmaid. The Reformation A History. New York: Viking Adult, 2004. Print. The Annotated Mona Lisa. Missouri: John Boswell Management, Inc., 1992. Print. Helen, Gardner,. Gardners art through the ages. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College, 1996. Print. Iconography of the Counter Reformation in the Netherlands heaven on earth John B Knippings Art of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation. HyperHistory.net. Web. 07 Oct. 2009. . Scipione Pulzone (Il Gaetano): The Lamentation (1984.74) | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: metmuseum.org. Web. 07 Oct. 2009. . Janson, H. W. History of art for young people. New York: H.N. Abrams, 2002. Print. Matters of Taste: Genre and Still Life Painting in the Dutch Golden Age. Welcome to Albany Institute of History and Art. Web. 07 Oct. 2009. .

Jean Watson

Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring Heidijo Elyea Olivet Nazarene University Theoretical and Professional Foundations of Nursing MSN SP2013 NRSG-653-54 Theresa Williams March 19, 2013 Certification of Authorship: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas, or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for the purpose of this assignment.Your Signature: _____Heidijo Elyea____________________________ Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring focuses on holistic care of the patient and understanding the power of a meaningful therapeutic relationship. The theory is a middle-range theory and is based on the role of care and the influence of caring on healing. Caring is a moral ideal of nursing that involves m ind, body, and soul engagement with another, which can be expressed through nursing interventions (Chinn & Kramer, 2011).Many nurses have adopted Jean Watson’s Caring Theory in their own practice. Nursing has a commitment to protect, enhance, and preserve their client’s humanity by helping them restore harmony. Caring moments should transform both the patient and nurse, as they are linked together. Educational History Jean Watson earned her BSN, MS, and PhD degrees all at University of Colorado. She was also the former dean in the College of Nursing and founded the Center for Human Caring (Parker & Smith, 2010). Watson’s undergraduate and graduate degrees are in nursing and mental health nursing.Her PhD is in educational psychology and counseling. Jean Watson also serves as director of the Watson Caring Science Institute, which is a nonprofit company she founded and is dedicated to promoting the work of caring, science, and heart-centered nursing (Parker & Smith , 2010). Overview of Theory of Human Caring Major Elements There are four major elements in Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring. The four elements are the ten carative factors/clinical caritas processes, transpersonal caring relationships, caring moment/occasion, and caring-healing modalities.Carative factors are a guide and process in which a person cares for another and does all they can to protect, support, enhance, and maintain his or her quality of life. Transpersonal caring is a time when the nurse and patient come together and has an influence on each other. Caring should not be done as a chore as an assignment as it is an ethical deliberate action. Caring moments occur when two people come together with one person being the care recipient. Watson also developed the concept of clinical caritas that evolved from carative factors.Caritas means to cherish and expands on the relationship between caring and healing for self and others (Parker & Smith, 2010). Original Carat ive Factors Dr. Watson started her theory with ten carative factors, which she later evolved into clinical caritas processes. The ten factors are: 1. Formation of a humanistic- altruistic system of values. 2. Instillation of faith-hope. 3. Cultivation of sensitivity to one’s self and to others. 4. Establishing a helping-trusting relationship, human caring relationship. 5.Promotion and acceptance of the expression of feelings, both positive and negative 6. The systematic use of a creative problem-solving caring process. 7. Promotion of system and subjective life world of self and one being cared for. 6. Systematic use of a creative problem-solving caring process becomes transpersonal teaching-learning. 8. Provision for a supportive, protective and /or corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environment. 9. Assistance with the gratification of human needs. 10. Allowance for existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces. Parker & Smith, 2010) Clinical Caritas Proces ses Watson’s evolved carative factors became clinical caritas processes evokes a way for nurses to be more open and adds a spiritual touch to the relationship. The clinical caritas processes are: 1. Formation of humanistic-altruistic system of values becomes the practice of loving kindness and equanimity within the context of caring consciousness. 2. Instillation of faith-hope becomes being authentically present, and enabling and deep belief system and subjective life world of self and one being cared for. 3.Cultivation of sensitivity to one's self and to others becomes cultivation of one’s own spiritual practices and transpersonal self, going beyond ego self, opening to others with sensitivity and compassion. 4. Development of a helping-trusting, human caring relationship becomes developing and sustaining a helping-trusting, authentic caring relationship. 5. Promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings, becomes being present to, and sup portive of the expression of positive and negative feelings as a connection with deeper spirit of self and the one being cared for. 6.Systematic use of a creative problem-solving caring process becomes creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process; to engage in artistry of caring- healing practices. 7. Promotion of transpersonal teaching-learning becomes engaging in genuine learning experience that attends to unity of being and meaning, attempting to stay within other's frame of reference. 8. Provision for a supportive, protective, and/or corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environment becomes creating healing environment at all levels (a physical and nonphysical, subtle environment of energy and consciousness, whereby holeness, beauty, comfort, dignity, and peace are potentiated). 9. Assistance with gratification of human needs becomes assisting with basic needs, with an intentional caring consciousness, administering â€Å"human care essentials†, which potentiate alignment of mind-body-spirit, wholeness, and unity of being in all aspects of care, tending to both embodied spirit and evolving spiritual emergence. 10. Allowance for existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces becomes opening and attending to spiritual-mysterious, and existential dimensions of one's own life-death; soul care for self and the one-being-care-for. Parker & Smith, 2010). The first three carative factors form the â€Å"philosophical foundation† for the science of   caring. The remaining seven carative factors spring from the foundation laid by these first three (Parker & Smith, 2010). Implications of the Caring Theory Jean Watson feels her theory can be considered a â€Å"philosophical and moral/ethical foundation for professional nursing and part of the central focus for nursing at the disciplinary level† (Parker & Smith, 2010). The theory offers a framework that encompasses the arts, sciences, humanities, spiritu ality, and evolving dimensions of holistic medicine and nursing.The model is an invitation to work together and experiment with the ideas and the philosophy. Watson offers up several questions to assess where we are as nurses within the framework of the Caring Science. †¢ Is there congruence between the values and major concepts and beliefs in the model and the given nurse, group, system, organization, curriculum, population needs, clinical administrative setting, or other entity that is considering interacting with the caring model to transform and/or improve practice? What is one’s view of human? And what it means to be human, caring, healing, becoming, growing, transforming, etc. Such thinking in regard to this philosophical question can guide one’s worldview and help to clarify where one may locate self within the caring framework. †¢ Are those interacting and engaging in the model interested in their own personal evolution? Are they committed to seeking authentic connections and caring-healing relationships with self and others? Are those involved â€Å"conscious† of their caring caritas or noncaring consciousness and intentionally in a given moment and at an individual and system level? Are they interested and committed to expanding their caring consciousness and actions to self, other, environment, nature and wider universe? †¢ Are those working within the model interested in shifting their focus from a modern medical science-technocure orientation to a true caring-healing-loving model (Parker & Smith, 2010)? Strengths and Limitations Jean Watson’s theory has many strengths, as it is logical, generalizable, and relatively simple.The theory is based on phenomenological studies that ask questions rather than state hypotheses and can be used to guide and improve practice. Supported by the theoretical work of numerous humanists, philosophers, developmentalists and psychologists. This theory places the client in the context of the family, the community and the culture and places the client as the focus on practice rather than the technology. Limitations of Dr. Watson’s theory are few, but the main limitation is that the carative factors primarily address the psychosocial needs.The physical and biological needs appear secondary. Conclusion Watson’s theory provides many useful concepts for nursing practice. She also ties together other theories used in nursing education. The ten carative factors and caritas processes provide guidance to nurses wishing to improve their nursing practice. References Chinn, P. L. , & Kramer, M. K. (2011). Integrated knowledge development in nursing (8th ed. ). St. Louis: Mosby. Parker, M. , & Smith, M. (2010). Nursing theories & nursing practice 3rd ed. ). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company. Jean Watson Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring Heidijo Elyea Olivet Nazarene University Theoretical and Professional Foundations of Nursing MSN SP2013 NRSG-653-54 Theresa Williams March 19, 2013 Certification of Authorship: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledged and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I used data, ideas, or words, either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for the purpose of this assignment.Your Signature: _____Heidijo Elyea____________________________ Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring focuses on holistic care of the patient and understanding the power of a meaningful therapeutic relationship. The theory is a middle-range theory and is based on the role of care and the influence of caring on healing. Caring is a moral ideal of nursing that involves m ind, body, and soul engagement with another, which can be expressed through nursing interventions (Chinn & Kramer, 2011).Many nurses have adopted Jean Watson’s Caring Theory in their own practice. Nursing has a commitment to protect, enhance, and preserve their client’s humanity by helping them restore harmony. Caring moments should transform both the patient and nurse, as they are linked together. Educational History Jean Watson earned her BSN, MS, and PhD degrees all at University of Colorado. She was also the former dean in the College of Nursing and founded the Center for Human Caring (Parker & Smith, 2010). Watson’s undergraduate and graduate degrees are in nursing and mental health nursing.Her PhD is in educational psychology and counseling. Jean Watson also serves as director of the Watson Caring Science Institute, which is a nonprofit company she founded and is dedicated to promoting the work of caring, science, and heart-centered nursing (Parker & Smith , 2010). Overview of Theory of Human Caring Major Elements There are four major elements in Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring. The four elements are the ten carative factors/clinical caritas processes, transpersonal caring relationships, caring moment/occasion, and caring-healing modalities.Carative factors are a guide and process in which a person cares for another and does all they can to protect, support, enhance, and maintain his or her quality of life. Transpersonal caring is a time when the nurse and patient come together and has an influence on each other. Caring should not be done as a chore as an assignment as it is an ethical deliberate action. Caring moments occur when two people come together with one person being the care recipient. Watson also developed the concept of clinical caritas that evolved from carative factors.Caritas means to cherish and expands on the relationship between caring and healing for self and others (Parker & Smith, 2010). Original Carat ive Factors Dr. Watson started her theory with ten carative factors, which she later evolved into clinical caritas processes. The ten factors are: 1. Formation of a humanistic- altruistic system of values. 2. Instillation of faith-hope. 3. Cultivation of sensitivity to one’s self and to others. 4. Establishing a helping-trusting relationship, human caring relationship. 5.Promotion and acceptance of the expression of feelings, both positive and negative 6. The systematic use of a creative problem-solving caring process. 7. Promotion of system and subjective life world of self and one being cared for. 6. Systematic use of a creative problem-solving caring process becomes transpersonal teaching-learning. 8. Provision for a supportive, protective and /or corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environment. 9. Assistance with the gratification of human needs. 10. Allowance for existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces. Parker & Smith, 2010) Clinical Caritas Proces ses Watson’s evolved carative factors became clinical caritas processes evokes a way for nurses to be more open and adds a spiritual touch to the relationship. The clinical caritas processes are: 1. Formation of humanistic-altruistic system of values becomes the practice of loving kindness and equanimity within the context of caring consciousness. 2. Instillation of faith-hope becomes being authentically present, and enabling and deep belief system and subjective life world of self and one being cared for. 3.Cultivation of sensitivity to one's self and to others becomes cultivation of one’s own spiritual practices and transpersonal self, going beyond ego self, opening to others with sensitivity and compassion. 4. Development of a helping-trusting, human caring relationship becomes developing and sustaining a helping-trusting, authentic caring relationship. 5. Promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings, becomes being present to, and sup portive of the expression of positive and negative feelings as a connection with deeper spirit of self and the one being cared for. 6.Systematic use of a creative problem-solving caring process becomes creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process; to engage in artistry of caring- healing practices. 7. Promotion of transpersonal teaching-learning becomes engaging in genuine learning experience that attends to unity of being and meaning, attempting to stay within other's frame of reference. 8. Provision for a supportive, protective, and/or corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environment becomes creating healing environment at all levels (a physical and nonphysical, subtle environment of energy and consciousness, whereby holeness, beauty, comfort, dignity, and peace are potentiated). 9. Assistance with gratification of human needs becomes assisting with basic needs, with an intentional caring consciousness, administering â€Å"human care essentials†, which potentiate alignment of mind-body-spirit, wholeness, and unity of being in all aspects of care, tending to both embodied spirit and evolving spiritual emergence. 10. Allowance for existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces becomes opening and attending to spiritual-mysterious, and existential dimensions of one's own life-death; soul care for self and the one-being-care-for. Parker & Smith, 2010). The first three carative factors form the â€Å"philosophical foundation† for the science of   caring. The remaining seven carative factors spring from the foundation laid by these first three (Parker & Smith, 2010). Implications of the Caring Theory Jean Watson feels her theory can be considered a â€Å"philosophical and moral/ethical foundation for professional nursing and part of the central focus for nursing at the disciplinary level† (Parker & Smith, 2010). The theory offers a framework that encompasses the arts, sciences, humanities, spiritu ality, and evolving dimensions of holistic medicine and nursing.The model is an invitation to work together and experiment with the ideas and the philosophy. Watson offers up several questions to assess where we are as nurses within the framework of the Caring Science. †¢ Is there congruence between the values and major concepts and beliefs in the model and the given nurse, group, system, organization, curriculum, population needs, clinical administrative setting, or other entity that is considering interacting with the caring model to transform and/or improve practice? What is one’s view of human? And what it means to be human, caring, healing, becoming, growing, transforming, etc. Such thinking in regard to this philosophical question can guide one’s worldview and help to clarify where one may locate self within the caring framework. †¢ Are those interacting and engaging in the model interested in their own personal evolution? Are they committed to seeking authentic connections and caring-healing relationships with self and others? Are those involved â€Å"conscious† of their caring caritas or noncaring consciousness and intentionally in a given moment and at an individual and system level? Are they interested and committed to expanding their caring consciousness and actions to self, other, environment, nature and wider universe? †¢ Are those working within the model interested in shifting their focus from a modern medical science-technocure orientation to a true caring-healing-loving model (Parker & Smith, 2010)? Strengths and Limitations Jean Watson’s theory has many strengths, as it is logical, generalizable, and relatively simple.The theory is based on phenomenological studies that ask questions rather than state hypotheses and can be used to guide and improve practice. Supported by the theoretical work of numerous humanists, philosophers, developmentalists and psychologists. This theory places the client in the context of the family, the community and the culture and places the client as the focus on practice rather than the technology. Limitations of Dr. Watson’s theory are few, but the main limitation is that the carative factors primarily address the psychosocial needs.The physical and biological needs appear secondary. Conclusion Watson’s theory provides many useful concepts for nursing practice. She also ties together other theories used in nursing education. The ten carative factors and caritas processes provide guidance to nurses wishing to improve their nursing practice. References Chinn, P. L. , & Kramer, M. K. (2011). Integrated knowledge development in nursing (8th ed. ). St. Louis: Mosby. Parker, M. , & Smith, M. (2010). Nursing theories & nursing practice 3rd ed. ). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company.